What role does gene flow play in a population?

Gene flow plays a significant role in a population by increasing genetic variation within that population. This process occurs when individuals from one population migrate to another and breed, introducing new alleles into the gene pool. As a result, this mixing enhances the genetic diversity of the recipient population.

Increased genetic variation is crucial for evolution and adaptation, as it provides a broader range of traits that may be beneficial in changing environments. This diversity can lead to greater resilience against diseases, changing climates, and other selective pressures. Thus, gene flow is vital in maintaining healthy populations that can adapt over time through natural selection.

Other potential answers do not accurately capture the role of gene flow. For example, gene flow does not prevent mutations; instead, it can contribute to the genetic makeup of a population but does not influence the mutation rate itself. It also does not ensure stability of allele frequencies; rather, it can cause allele frequencies to change over time as new genetic material is introduced.